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Flexibility Purchase Agreements for BESS and Power Markets

Nivel 3

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2 April 2026

Cursul se desfasoara in limba engleza 

The rapid expansion of renewable generation, battery storage and demand-side flexibility is transforming electricity markets across Europe, including Romania. As power systems become increasingly decentralized and volatile, flexibility has become a critical resource for maintaining grid stability, managing imbalance exposure and optimizing energy portfolios.

 

 

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are emerging as one of the most important providers of system flexibility. However, the business case for battery projects depends heavily on the ability to structure predictable revenues in markets characterized by volatility and multiple revenue streams.

Flexibility Purchase Agreements (FPAs) are increasingly used to structure and monetize this flexibility. These agreements allow asset owners, utilities and trading companies to allocate dispatch rights and revenue streams while managing market risk and supporting project financing.

This course provides a practical introduction to the contractual and commercial frameworks underpinning flexibility markets, with particular attention to battery storage offtake structures and flexibility agreements. Participants will gain a general understanding of how FPAs are designed, negotiated and implemented, and how they interact with market mechanisms, regulatory requirements and operational constraints.

The program is relevant to everyone involved in the structuring, financing or optimization of flexibility assets.

This programme is organized in collaboration with training agency ENTRIMA to support market participants in navigating the growing regulatory complexity of energy and capital markets. Regulatory frameworks increasingly require specialized staff training as a core component of compliance and market integrity programme

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Curricula

 

  • Role of Flexibility in Modern Power Systems

    • Transformation of European electricity markets

    • Increasing renewable penetration and system volatility

    • Role of flexibility assets in balancing the grid

    • Flexibility providers: batteries, demand response, flexible generation

Participants understand why flexibility has become essential in modern power systems and how this affects market participants in Romania.

  • Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and Revenue Stacking

    • Technical characteristics of BESS

    • Key operational constraints

    • Revenue sources for battery storage:

    • Revenue volatility and merchant exposure

Participants understand how BESS generates revenues and why revenue predictability is important for project viability.

  • Introduction to Flexibility Purchase Agreements (FPAs)

    • Project Financing

    • Portfolio Hedging

    • Common FPA Structures

Participants understand how FPAs function as both financing tools and portfolio hedging instruments.

  • Market Participants and Counterparties

    • Offtakers / Optimizers

    • Asset Owners

    • Roles in FPA structures

    • Dispatch rights

    • Optimization responsibilities

    • Credit considerations

Participants understand the roles and incentives of the key players involved in flexibility agreements.

  • Key Contractual Elements in FPAs

    • Asset Specifications

    • Commercial Terms

    • Performance and Availability

    • Risk Allocation

Participants understand the core commercial and legal provisions that define FPAs.

  • Bankability and Negotiation Considerations

    • Credit support mechanisms

    • Managing market volatility in contracts

    • Balancing merchant upside vs revenue certainty

    • Negotiation priorities for asset owners vs offtakers

Participants understand how FPAs allocate risks and why this is critical for financing and commercial viability.

Cost 

  • 3000 lei/persoană;

For AFEER members:  

  • 1950 lei/persoană 

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